CHSJ

Curr Health Sci J, vol. 51, no. 2, 2025

Preoperative Oral Health Screening in Patients Undergoing Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Cross-Sectional Study

[Original Paper]

D.N. MIHAI(1,2), P.D. SIRBU(2), L. SAVIN(1,2), N. FORNA(2), C. DASCALU(3), N. FORNA(4)


(1)PhD Student, Faculty of Dental Medicine, U.M.F. “Grigore T. Popa”;
(2)Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital-Iasi, Romania, Department Orthopedics and Traumatology;
(3)Discipline of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, U.M.F. “Grigore T. Popa”;
(4)Discipline of Extended Partial Edentulism and Removable Dentures, Faculty of Dental Medicine, U.M.F. “Grigore T. Popa”


Abstract:

Aim of study was to assess the prevalence and distribution of oral infections potentially leading to bacteriemia in patients scheduled for hip and knee arthroplasty. Materials and Methods: This prospective research was performed on a study group of 51 patients (mean age 67.51+/-5.78 years; 21-males, 30-females) diagnosed with hip osteoarthritis and knee osteoarthritis, scheduled for hip or knee arthroplasty in Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital (Iasi, Romania). A dental specialist performed a standardized clinical and paraclinical intraoral examination on all patients. The following conditions were assessed as oral sources of infection: chronic periapical lesions, endo-periodontal lesions, deep periodontal pockets, residual roots, fixed prosthetic restorations with inadequate marginal adaptation. Results: All patients were diagnosed with periodontal disease. Chronic periapical lesions (23.5%) and endo-periodontal lesions (41.2%) were frequently in maxillary molars. Residual roots were detected in 84.3% of patients (mostly in mandibular molars) while ill-fitting fixed prosthetic restorations in 64.7% of patients. Periodontal treatment of deep periodontal pockets was the most commonly treatment need, followed by replacement of ill-fitted fixed prosthetic restorations, and tooth extraction. Conclusions: Oral infectious foci-associated pathologies were frequent among patients scheduled for hip or knee arthroplasty, with deep periodontal pockets being the most frequent source of oral infection, followed by residual roots and ill-fitted fixed prosthetic restorations. Our results emphasize the necessity of the preoperative oral health evaluations for patients scheduled for hip and knee arthroplasty, a therapeutic approach required especially in the case of those with comorbidities or with risk of systemic bacteriemia of dental origin.


Keywords: Hip arthroplasty, knee arthroplasty, dental focus, infection, periprosthetic joint infection.



Corresponding: Norin Forna, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital-Iasi, Romania, Department Orthopedics and Traumatology, e-mail: norin.forna@umfiasi.ro


DOI 10.12865/CHSJ.51.02.11 - Download PDF
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