CHSJ

Curr Health Sci J, vol. 51, no. 4, 2025

Strength of Omics in Uncovering Sepsis Mechanisms-A Perspective

[Review]

S. DOROBANTU(1,2), A. GRIGORESCU(1,3), A. FRATEA(1,3), B. MIRAUTA(1,4), A. NEGHINA(1), G. BICA(1), A. NEACSU(1), F. DUMITRESCU(5), I. STREATA(1,2), M. NETEA(1,3), A.L. RIZA (1,2,3,4)


(1)Human Genomics Laboratory, Functional Genomics Group, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania;
(2)Regional Centre of Medical Genetics Dolj, County Clinical Emergency Hospital Craiova, Romania;
(3)Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
(4)Romanian Bioinformatics Cluster, Targu Mures, Romania;
(5)Infectious Disease Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania


Abstract:

Background: Sepsis is a significant life-threatening condition due to a dysregulated response to infection. Large datasets yield unprecedented views and transformative insights into processes through various computational frameworks. Our aim was to highlight significant contributions from genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics in the field of sepsis, as modeled from human data. We are showcasing key findings in each omics that have improved the understanding of sepsis pathophysiology, while presenting a perspective from the group’s own contribution to the field. Discussion and Conclusions: Each of the presented omics has advanced our mechanistic understanding on sepsis pathogenicity, biomarker identification for diagnosis, prognosis, and molecular stratification purposes. Multi-omics sepsis research shows strong input from genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics. These have revealed mechanistic links and produce robust endotypes but faces challenges on the path to clinical integration. Integrative sepsis studies combine large-scale omics, paired sampling, and computational multi-omics frameworks to link molecular layers to phenotype. Addressing gaps in standardization, and age/ethnicity representation could yield actionable biomarkers, stratified therapies and improved outcomes.


Keywords: Omics, sepsis, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metagenomics.



Corresponding: Andra Grigorescu, Human Genomics Laboratory, Functional Genomics Group, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania, e-mail: andra.grigorescu@radboudumc.nl


DOI 10.12865/CHSJ.51.04.01 - Download PDF
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